Perspectives On The Personality Of Marshall Mathers Music Essay

Perspectives On The Personality Of Marshall Mathers Music Essay Multiple Perspectives on the Personality of Marshall Bruce Mathers III. Marshall Bruce Mathers III emerged from a poor neighborhood in Detroit, Michigan and quickly gained fame as the American, hip-hop music artist, Eminem. Marshall declared himself in My Name Is, the single that announced him as Eminem to the world (Hasted, 2005). His released albums are compilations of rap songs, each with creative rhymed verses about his life and the people in it, composed by Mathers himself. Some may claim that Eminem is a role model, in terms of his artistic talent and ability to overcome lifes hardships. For others, he sets a bad example in society, as he is degrading to women and homosexuals and he is promoting violence through visual outlets. The controversy remains, but perspective can be gained through psychologies different aspects of personality. Neo-Analytic Perspective The central theme of the neo-analytic approach to personality psychology is ego identity. The importance of the ego, a persons individuality, is emphasized as it struggles to cope with emotions and drives on the inside and the demands of others on the outside (Friedman Schustack, 2009). This feeling of self develops through the interactions and conflicts an individual faces during their life, and determines their personality. Unlike many other aspects of personality, neo-analytic theories and theorists agree that ones personality is not predetermined, or stable, and is shaped by encountered experiences. Marshall Bruce Mathers III is a famous personality whose life experiences can be analyzed in the perspective of the neo-analyst, Erik Erikson. Erikson considers the ego to be an influential and independent part of identity formation, and he also brings attention to the effects of society and culture during the process. He developed the theory of life-span development, claiming that there are eight predetermined stages and each involves a certain ego crisis that determines the direction of personality. As Friedman and Schustack aptly phrase, the outcome of each stage à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ is dependent to some degree on the outcome of the previous stage, and successful negotiation of each of the ego crises is essential for optimal growth (2009). The life-span perspective helps with understanding why Mathers behaves and thinks the way he does. The identity formation of Marshall Mathers began at birth; October 17, 1972 began the first ego crisis Erikson termed Trust versus Mistrust' (Friedman Schustack, 2009). Debbie Mathers-Briggs became Marshalls mother at age seventeen. As an adolescent, she was preoccupied with her own needs of finding out who she was and how she fit into society. Because of her young age, she was unable to successfully satisfy Marshall Mathers needs as a mother, which Erikson considers the most significant relationship of this stage. An infants needs are simple and straightforward, and it is necessary for a mother to contribute mature abilities and social support. Many agree that her parenting was inadequate and unreliable, which did not resolve the Trust versus Mistrust conflict for Mathers. Instead of developing feelings of hope, which is a psychosocial virtue in Eriksons theory, he has since been unable to rely on others, believing that the world is not a safe place. It is during this period of inf ancy that a child develops a sense of trust and hope which arises from the satisfaction personal needs (Friedman Schustack, 2009). Marshalls neediness only grew, though as a direct results of his mothers actions, (Hasted, 2005). She was in her own state of mind, and struggled to understand her son whose upbringing became hard to handle and caused Mathers directionless existence. The ego crisis, Autonomy versus Shame and Doubt, indicates the significance of parents during an individuals early childhood. Eriksons theory, when applied to the Mathers life, shows the negative impact of abandonment at early age. Hasted writes that it was, a consequence of his parents immature love, that led to his fathers decision to leave his wife and son (2005). Marshall Mathers was abandoned by his father; he did not ever see him or communicate with him after the day he left. He was raised by his mother no father image or figure was there (Hasted, 2005). It is during this stage of development that Erikson believes the ego skill, will, is formed. Friedman and Schustack write that, successful negotiation of this stage results in a child who knows the difference between right and wrong, and is willing and able to chose right most of the time (2009). This was not the case for Marshall Mathers, and some of his actions in his later life show this. In accordance to the stage theory p erspective, he was unable to develop self-control and self-esteem because of these matters. Shortly after Mathers was abandoned by his father, Debbie Marshall-Briggs began to live nomadically. Nick Hasted quotes Marshall Mathers, my mother never had a job, so we used to always stay with my family. We would stay until we got kicked out. Some of the relatives stayed in Kansas City, some in Detroit, so we just kept going back and forth (Hasted, 2005). The moving took place during his mid-childhood, which is the optimal time of the Initiative versus Guilt stage. With Mathers father abandoning him as a young child, the responsibility of this child was left to his mother, grandparents, and aunts and uncles. His life so far was lacking stability, and Hasted claims that he struggled to survive in series of elementary schools, (2005). It was difficult for Mathers to develop any friendships that would last longer than the three months he would spend with him before moving again. During Eriksons stage of Initiative versus Guilt, it is crucial for a child to interact with other childre n to learn how to plan and carry out actions as well as how to get along with peers to gain a sense of purpose (Friedman Schustack, 2009). Ones early adolescent is a time where a lot of ones time is spent attempting to fit in with a social group. Yet, what happens to the formation of ones identity if they never have the stability of a school, father, or even a home to help ground them is negative. Marshall rarely had the availability to make friends because of his constant moving and this had him bullied and teased at many of the schools he attended. This had a drastic impact on his identity formation, and is relieved in his thoughts and actions. It was not until Marshall Mathers reached the age of 12 that he began to reside permanently on the East Side of Detroit with his mother. Industry versus Inferiority stage develops competence through the interactions with in the neighborhood and school of an individual. Nick Hasted expresses that Mathers had a reputation as some kind of violent bad boy (2005) at his school. He was constantly bullied by his peers and let down by his teachers. Throughout his schooling, there have been multiple instances that Mathers competence was doubted by his teachers. His attendance was low, and his grades were far from average, which in Eriksons view is an outcome derived from the previous life stages. Educators would single Mathers out and comment that he is unable to make it. He ended up dropping out at a young age, after repeating the ninth grade three times, which was disestablishing to a school-aged child. (Hasted, 2005). Marshall Mathers did not complete tasks, especially academic ones, and f ind pleasure in doing so. His identity formed in this stage to develop the sense of inferiority as he was not able to successfully complete his education. As Marshall Mathers continued into the Identity versus Role Confusion stage of his adolescence, he was beginning to make some friends by being less distant and shy. Friedman and Schustack claim that, at this stage, the adolescent experiments with different roles, while trying to integrate identities from previous stages (2009). Mathers was becoming himself at this point in his life, in accordance to Eriksons theory, and the society is a huge factor to the process. Living in a white minority, victimized and twice almost murdered by blacks, Marshall could be excused for starting to feel racist himself (Hasted, 2005). The goal of the sixth stage of Erik Eriksons theory, Intimacy versus Isolation, is to achieve love during young adulthood (Friedman Schustack, 2009). It is inevitable that the relationship between Kim Scott and Marshall Mathers is significant in the artists identity formation. They became in separable as soon as they met and would later on marry and have a child together. Currently, Marshall Mathers is in the Generativity versus Stagnation stage of his development (Friedman Schustack, 2009). He has succeeded as an artist in the music industry, and is now able to provide for his daughter, Hailie Jade Mathers. He knew he was not going to raise his daughter in the same conditions he grew up in. Becoming a father was a huge turning point in Marshalls life; he knew he had to create something for himself and strives to provide for Hailie. His identity at this point in his life is to be the dad that he never had and he continues to do so (Hasted, 2005). Marshall Mathers life-span development has formed his personality and ego. He has gone through many life changing experiences, both positive and negative, that have shaped him into the man he is today. Erik Eriksons neo-analytic perspective has the goal of understanding what it means to be an individual in a social world (Friedman Schustack, 2009). After living such a difficult childhood and finally making something of himself, Marshall was being changed by the success that he received. Behaviorist Skinnerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the study of behavior, emphasize the role of learning in the development of personality, human behavior. Most recognized amoung behaviorist theorists. Emphasize experience and learning as the primary forces that shape human behavior. skinner developed a psychology that concentrates not on the person but solely on those variables and forces in the environment that influence a person and that may be directly observed. Behavior can be understood in terms of responses to factors in the environment. Suggested to concentrate on the environmental consequences that determine and maintain an individuals behavior. Changes in the environment affect the individuals behavior. Internal forces cannot be operationally defined and their intensity cannot be measured. skinner believed that the laws of behavior must apply to each and every individual subject when it is observed under the appropriate conditions at birth, the human infant is simply a bundle of innate capacities, but consequent behaviors can be comprehended in terms of learning skinner derivedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦a reinforcement is anything that increases the likelihood of a response. The effect of ones behavior that determines the likelihood of its occurring again. If behavior results in reinforcement. If the behavior does not result in reinforcement. Behave in alternative ways to find patterns of behavior that are reinforced. Process of operant conditioning. originally spontaneous behaviors whose consequences determine their subsequent frequency. Operant conditioning can be systematically described, skinner box, operant conditioning apparatus to train animals and conduct controlled research. Appropriate reinforcement increases the likelihood of that behavior occurring again. Procedure termed shaping, deliberately mold the organisms behavior in order to achieve desired behavior. Induce to perform. Using behavioral-shaping methods. skinner believed that most animal and human behavior is learned throug h operant conditioning. The process of learning to speak ones native tongue involves reinforcing and shaping of operant behavior. operant behaviors are responses emitted without a stimulus necessisarily being present, they occur spontaneously verbal behavior evolved from signaling, imitating, and other nonverbal behaviors, following the rules of contingencies of reinforcementà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦shaping is involved in learning to speak Marshall Mathers has become a famous personality recognized by the music he has created as Eminem. It started in the studio, where he began recording songs that eventually led to his music being played on local radio stations. At the age of 25, Eminem signed his first record deal with a well-known producer and rapper, Dr. Dre. Instantly, they began producing music together and striving to get Eminem out into the public. The hits became world-famous and sparked the beginning of a whole new world that was opened up to Mathers. He was a superstar within the hip-hop culture for his talents of composing and performing (Hasted, 2005). The behaviorist approach to personality analyzes an individuals learning experiences, indicating that the environment solely controls human thought and behavior. Burrhus Frederick Skinner is well-recognized for his efforts in developing the principle of operant conditioning. Friedman and Schustack define operant conditioning as, the changing of a behavior by manipulating its consequences, (2009). The key element of Skinners theory is reinforcement; his approach is that consequences of a behavior determines if the action will or will not occur again (Friedman Schustack, 2009). Many people view Eminem and his music as a very angry person because when he released his first few albums he was very upset and angered at the life he had grown up in. Much of the time his lyrics and rhymes are about actual events that have occurred throughout his lifetime. The way he explains situations is in such a harsh, raw way that people listening to his music are shocked. His lyrics are the way he lets out his desires about his emotions and life in a way where he is not thinking about what other people think, but rather spitting out the words that best express how he feels (Hasted, 2005). The flow of rap music comes easily to him and it became obvious that he has a special talent. Eminem uses music is an outlet to release emotions and sometimes the way he says his lyrics can leave society perceiving him as very negative. When he first was coming out into hip hop music scene, he had very controversial items on his albums. His music producer, Jimmy Iovine explained to Eminem that he would need to change some of the lyrics on his album if it were to be released. He found it difficult to do so, as he did not understand why it was necessary. This characteristic of personality is reflected in his music as he says what he wants to say, when he wants to say it. It was often difficult for him to understand why he would need to change the lyrics of his songs. Eminem grew up in Detroit, where these lyrics would be considered normal (Hasted, 2005). Operant conditioning explains why he has continued to produce music and grow from his fame. According to B.F. Skinner, personality is a repertoire of behavior learned from an organized set of environmental contingencies à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ personality is the group of commonly performed responses that a person has learned. Because it is environmentally determined, behavior is therefore very situation specific (Friedman Schustack, 2009). The reinforcements, both positive and negative, establish Eminems personality. Positive reinforcement is a reward to a desired response in the means of a stimulus. Some types of positive reinforcement are good grades and verbal praise, (Friedman Schustack, 2009). Grammy nominations, growing number of fans, and monetary success are some positive reinforcers that have strengthened Eminems behaviors. He learns from the reinforcement that his behaviors are accepted, which leads to increased occurrences. He responds to these stimuli by recording more songs and releasing more albums. There is also a biological reinforcement that plays a role in Eminems personality. The lifestyle of those that reside in Detroit, Michigan complies with that of Eminems. They are accepting to this type of music and way of life. Negative reinforcement is another aspect of Skinners theory that increases the likelihood of behavior. These are stimuli that, when withdrawn, increase desired behaviors, (Friedman Schustack, 2009). Because of his music career, Eminem has been withdrawn from a life of poverty. He struggled all throughout his early life to provide for himself, and his family. The behavior that is reinforced is his fame, and he continues to try his hardest to continue success to live a comfortable life. Eminem has learned a lot from his past experiences and represents them in his music in a way where the outside public can relate to him. He is in touch with his emotions and feelings and it is because of this that he has such a raw personality, and has the ability to show the world how he has become the person that he is.

O’Connor’s Mission Essay -- Literary Analysis

It is a given that Flannery O’Connor is one of the most recognized southern female writers. This is mostly due to the pure religious content and reality in her writings. One of those stories, â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find,† is one that combines her love of religion with her personal experience. It is a story on which its simple beginning tricks the reader, and its complex ending brings both questions and tears. What looks like just a field trip vacation turns into an unnecessary massacre for the purpose of understanding both religion and the human race. In â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find,† O’Connor is able to leave impressions of her life on the location, characters, and scenes by the use of her love of religion and life experiences. Most of her life, Flannery O’Connor traveled around the United States, yet most of her life was spent in a place near Milledgeville, Georgia (May 17). On this detail, we can infer that it was no coincidence that she picked Georgia as her starting location for the story. It was a town she knew best, and could certainly describe to the perfection any places that she would’ve wanted to add. In the case of the story, O’Connor only describes one place, The Tower, and a little restaurant inside it where the family dines in. â€Å"The tower was a part stucco and part filling station and dance hall set in a clearing outside the Timothy† (O’Connor 302). Deferring from this description, O’Connor must have been in that place at least ten times; because a person who has never been to Georgia could never know what The Tower, its location and the Timothy were, nor would they have been able to guess on such a place. O’Connor included some of her l ife settings in order to make the story’s setting more realistic and credib... ...ically with â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find,† Flannery O’Connor shows her biography to the world, and keeps her identity hidden while making a realistic story that we can all learn and ponder about. Works Cited "Flannery O’Connor." Georgia Literary Festival. Georgia College and state University, 12 Dec 2000. Web. 27 Mar 2012. . Magee, Rosemary M. Conversations with Flannery O'Connor. Mississippi: University Press of Mississippi, 1987. 5-10. Print. May, Charles â€Å"Career, Life, and Influence† Critical Insights Flannery O'Connor. 1st edition. Salem Press, 2012. 3-22. Print. O’Connor Flannery â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard To Find† The Norton Introduction To Literature. Shorter 10th ed. Booth, Alison, and Kelly J. Mays. New York, London: W.W. Norton & Co Inc., 2010. 299-310. Print.

Activity Based Costing †Definition and Concept Essay

An approach to the costing and monitoring of activities which involves tracing resource consumption and costing final outputs. Resources are assigned to activities, and activities to cost objects based on consumption estimates. The latter utilise cost drivers to attach activity costs to outputs.’ Activity-based costing (ABC) is a costing methodology that identifies activities in an organization and assigns the cost of each activity with resources to all products and services according to the actual consumption by each. This model assigns more indirect costs(overhead) into direct costs compared to conventional costing. CIMA Official Terminology, 2005 A development of the principles of activity based costing (ABC) is activity based management (ABM). Operational ABM is defined as: ‘Actions, based on activity driver analysis, that increase efficiency, lower costs and/or improve asset utilisation.’ CIMA Official Terminology, 2005 Strategic ABM is defined as:‘Actions, based on activity based cost analysis, that aim to change the demand for activities so as to improve profitability.’ CIMA Official Terminology, 2005 The main focus of this topic gateway is ABC. However, the development of ABC into ABM will be discussed further under Application. The concept of ABC was first defined in the late 1980s by Robert Kaplan and William Burns. Initially ABC focused on manufacturing industry where technological developments and productivity improvements had reduced the proportion of direct labour and material costs, but increased the proportion of indirect or overhead costs. Comparison of traditional costing and ABC The traditional method of costing relied on the arbitrary addition of a proportion of overhead costs on to direct costs to attain a total product cost. The traditional approach to cost allocation relies on three basic steps. 1. Accumulate costs within a production or non-production department. 2. Allocate non-production costs to production departments. 3. Allocate the resulting production department costs to various products, services or customers. This type of costing system usually allocates costs based on a single volume measure, such as direct labour hours or machine hours. While using such a simplistic volume measure to allocate overheads as an overall cost driver, this approach seldom meets the cause-and-effect criteria desired in accurate cost allocation. This method of costing has become increasing inaccurate as the relative proportion of overhead costs has risen. This distortion of costs can result in inappropriate decision making. ABC is therefore an alternative approach to the traditional method or arbitrary allocation of overheads to product, services and customers. AIM of the model With ABC, an organization can soundly estimate the cost elements of entire products and services. That may help inform a company’s decision to either: * Identify and eliminate those products and services that are unprofitable and lower the prices of those that are overpriced (product and service portfolio aim) * Or identify and eliminate production or service processes that are ineffective and allocate processing concepts that lead to the very same product at a better yield (process re-engineering aim). In a business organization, the ABC methodology assigns an organization’s resource costs through activities to the products andservices provided to its customers. ABC is generally used as a tool for understanding product and customer cost and profitability based on the production or performing processes. As such, ABC has predominantly been used to support strategic decisions such as pricing, outsourcing, identification and measurement of process improvement initiatives. Application In contrast to traditional cost accounting systems, ABC systems first accumulate overheads for each organisational activity. They then assign the costs of these activities to products, services or customers (referred to as cost objects) causing that activity. The initial activity analysis is clearly the most difficult aspect of ABC. Activity analysis is the process of identifying appropriate output measures of activities and resources (cost drivers) and their effects on the costs of making a product or providing a service. ABC systems have the flexibility to provide special reports so that management can take decisions about the costs of designing, selling and delivering a product or service. The key aspect is that ABC focuses on accumulating costs via activities, whereas traditional cost allocation focuses on accumulating costs within functional areas. The main advantage of ABC is that it minimises or avoids distortions on product costs that might occur from arbitrary allocation of overhead costs. Steps in development of an ABC System ABC uses cost drivers to assign the costs of resources to activities and unit cost as a way of measuring an output. There are four steps to implementing ABC. 1. Identify activities The organisation needs to undertake an in-depth analysis of the operating processes of each responsibility centre. Each process might consist of one or more activities required to produce an output. 2. Assign resource costs to activities This involves tracing costs to cost objects to determine why the cost occurred. Costs can be categorised in three ways: i. Direct – costs that can be traced directly to one output. For example, the wood and paint that it takes to make a chair. ii. Indirect – costs that cannot be allocated to an individual output, that is, they benefit two or more outputs, but not all outputs. For example, maintenance costs or storage costs. iii. General/administration – costs that cannot be associated with any product or service. These costs are likely to remain unchanged, whatever output is produced. For example, salaries of administration staff, security costs or depreciation. 3. Identify outputs Identify all of the output for which an activity segment performs activities and consumes resources. Outputs might be products, services or customers. 4. Assign activity costs to outputs This is done using activity drivers. Activity drivers assign activity costs to outputs (cost objects) based on the consumption or demand for activities. ABC in practice Steps to implement Activity-Based costing 1. Identify and assess ABC needs – Determine viability of ABC method within an organization. 2. Training requirements – Basic training for all employees and workshop sessions for senior managers. 3. Define the project scope – Evaluate mission and objectives for the project. 4. Identify activities and drivers – Determine what drives what activity. 5. Create a cost and operational flow diagram – How resources and activities are related to products and services. 6. Collect data – Collecting data where the diagram shows operational relationship. 7. Build a software model, validate and reconcile. 8. Interpret results and prepare management reports. 9. Integrate data collection and reporting. ABC activities have been around for nearly 20 years and many companies in a variety of sectors have implemented activity based thinking. ABC and ABM have brought about radical changes in cost management systems. The principles and philosophies of activity based thinking apply equally to service companies, government agencies, process and manufacturing industries. Management practices and methods have changed over the last decade and will continue to change. Organisations have moved from managing vertically to managing horizontally. There has also been a move from a function orientation to a process orientation. However, management information systems to track and provide information about the horizontal aspects of business have lagged significantly behind managers’ needs. ABC and ABM fill this information gap by providing cost and operation information that mirrors a horizontal view.ABC focuses on accurate information about the true cost of products, services, processes, activities and customers. Using ABC, organisations gain a thorough understanding of their business processes and cost behaviour during ABC analysis. Management then applies this insight to improve decision making at operating and strategic levels. This is then known as ABM. Simply, ABM is ABC in action. HOW ABC IS USED IN THE ORGANISATION This detailed study of how organisations are practically applying ABC can be found on the BetterManagement.com website (to access this study you must register, and then click on the link to activity based management in the top left hand corner of the home page). Available from: www.bettermanagement.com Accessed 4 November 2008] The study was carried out in July 2005 to determine the state of ABC within over 500 organisations across numerous industries of different sizes and locations. It provides a useful and interesting insight into how ABC is used in organisations. Reported benefits †¢ ABC provides a more accurate method of costing of products and services. It allows for a better and more comprehensive understanding of overheads and what causes them to occur. †¢ It makes costly and non-value adding activities more visible, so allowing managers to focus on these areas to reduce or eliminate them. †¢ It supports other management techniques such as continuous improvement, scorecards and performance management. Reported drawbacks †¢ ABC can be difficult and time consuming to collect the data about activities and cost drivers. †¢ It can be costly to implement, run and manage an ABC system. †¢ Even in ABC some overhead costs are difficult to assign to products and customers. These costs still have to be arbitrarily applied to products and customers.

The Movie Winnie Mandela - 925 Words

The movie â€Å"Winnie Mandela† was a movie that caught my attention, but it left me wanting to know more about Winnie as well as the relationship between Winnie and Nelson and their two daughters. I really think the movie was worth watching because it made me aware of the struggles people went through in South Africa, especially amongst the people that were using nonviolent protesting. However, I felt as if there was not enough information given. I had to look up more information because I wanted to know more besides what the movie gave me. I read about Nelson Mandela, but I never read about or watched a movie on Winnie Mandela and her life story. Thus, I will write about my reactions towards the movie, as well as how Winnie was a woman in a social movement. Winnie is one of the most inspiring women I have learned while in college. When times were hard, Winnie was the one to still believe that there was a better life, a life without apartheid. Not only was Winnie a mother or a wife, but she was also an activist. The movie portrayed Winnie as a strong woman especially at a very young age. The movie started out with Winnie being a young girl, and sticking with the boys around her age. By this she proved to many that she was more than just a typical girl, she was a strong girl. Also, she even told her father that she did not want to fit in the traditional role as being a woman or a mother; rather she wanted to go outside the traditional roles of a South African woman. EspeciallyShow MoreRelatedThe At South Africa, And Present Part Of My Thesis989 Words   |  4 Pageswas Nelson Mandela. He was a radical and was arrested for speaking out about the treatment of people. Then he became president, voted by the people. During this time also, South Africa went from being a monarchy to a democratic nation. In getting prepared for South Africa, the class watched the movie Long Walk to Freedom. Which is the civil rights activism of Nelson Mandela. In South Africa , we went to Nelson Mandela’s houses and had a tour of his first house with wife Winnie Mandela. Though theirRead MoreNelson Mandela Spiritual Biography2263 Words   |  10 PagesRunaway, Terrorist, Prisoner, Student, President, South African, Free Nelson Mandela challenged the status quo in many ways weather it was done politically, socially, or personally, in order to achieve such high goals Mandela paid many great personal expenses. Before the acts of Nelson Mandela, the country of South Africa was broken; it was plunged in a deep racism with the election in 1948. The regime of 1948 committed the crime of Apartheid which is defined as the action of committing inhumaneRead MoreNelson Mandelas Leadership4907 Words   |  20 Pages..............................................19 Page 4 NELOSN MANDELA’S LEADERSHIP June 6, 2012 ABSTRACT TOPIC: Nelson Mandela’s Leadership REASON OF CHOICE: Reason and inspiration of choosing him as a worthy leader, has become the movie ,,Invictus† OUR PURPOSE: Present Nelson Mandela’s diverse characteristics, styles, tactics through analysis that explains him as successful leader. WHAT HAVE BEEN DONE? - For our purpose we have provided: ï‚ · Theoretical studies; ï‚ · Data collectionRead MoreNelson Mandelas Leadership Style and Philosophy of Life2130 Words   |  8 PagesRichard Stengel assisted Nelson Mandela with his autobiography, Long Walk to Freedom (1993) and produced a documentary about his life three years later. They also collaborated on Mandelas Way (2010) which offers fifteen lessons on his leadership style, philosophy of life and lessons he learned during this twenty-seven years in prison. Mandela is a genuinely modest and humane man whose entire life was given over to the cause of social justice, the emancipation of the black majority in South AfricaRead MoreEssay On Tupac1329 Words   |  6 Pagesbought her supply. But Tupac s love for hip hop would steer him away from a life of crime (for a while at least). At 17, in the spring of 1989, he met an older white woman, Leila Steinberg, in a park, and they struck up a conversation about Winnie Mandela. Steinberg would later recall a young man with fan-like eyelashes, overflowing charisma, and the most infectious laugh. By the time they met, Tupac was obsessively writing poetry (The world moves fast and it would rather pass u by / than 2Read MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages 2011) Mother Teresa, CEO: Unexpected Principles for Practical Leadership (Berrett-Koehler Publishers, 2011) Polar Bear Pirates and Their Quest to Engage the Sleepwalkers: Motivate Everyday People to Deliver Extraordinary Results (Capstone, 2011) Winnie-the-Pooh on Management: In Which a Very Important Bear and His Friends Are Introduced to a Very Important Subject (Pengui n, 2011) Chicken Lips, Wheeler-Dealer, and the Beady-Eyed M.B.A.: An Entrepreneurs Wild Adventures on the New Silk Road (Wiley